基于大语言模型的多模态社交媒体信息流行度预测研究

王洁; 王子曈; 彭岩; 郝博文

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2024193

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基于大语言模型的多模态社交媒体信息流行度预测研究

学术论文 | 更新时间：2024-12-24

- 基于大语言模型的多模态社交媒体信息流行度预测研究
- Research on multimodal social media information popularity prediction based on large language model
- 通信学报 2024年45卷第11期页码：141-156
- 作者机构：
  
  首都师范大学管理学院，北京 100089
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王洁（1977- ），女，湖北黄石人，博士，首都师范大学教授、硕士生导师，主要研究方向为社交网络分析、数据挖掘等。" ]
  [ "王子曈（2000- ），男，北京人，首都师范大学硕士生，主要研究方向为数据挖掘、机器学习等。" ]
  [ "彭岩（1967- ），女，北京人，博士，首都师范大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为数据挖掘、机器学习等。" ]
  [ "郝博文（1995- ），男，黑龙江牡丹江人，博士，首都师范大学讲师，主要研究方向为数据挖掘、推荐系统、自然语言处理等。" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(62172287;62402328);北京市教育委员会科研计划基金资助项目(KM202410028007)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2024193
  中图分类号： TP393
- 收稿：2024-08-14，
  
  修回：2024-11-01，
  
  纸质出版：2024-11-25
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王洁,王子曈,彭岩等.基于大语言模型的多模态社交媒体信息流行度预测研究[J].通信学报,2024,45(11):141-156.

WANG Jie,WANG Zitong,PENG Yan,et al.Research on multimodal social media information popularity prediction based on large language model[J].Journal on Communications,2024,45(11):141-156.
王洁,王子曈,彭岩等.基于大语言模型的多模态社交媒体信息流行度预测研究[J].通信学报,2024,45(11):141-156. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2024193.

WANG Jie,WANG Zitong,PENG Yan,et al.Research on multimodal social media information popularity prediction based on large language model[J].Journal on Communications,2024,45(11):141-156. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2024193.

摘要

针对现有多模态社交媒体信息流行度预测算法对特征依赖强、泛化能力不足、面对少样本/冷启动环境表现不佳的问题，提出了一种基于大语言模型指令微调和人类对齐的多模态社交媒体流行度预测模型MultiSmpLLM。首先，定义面向冷启动用户的多模态社交媒体流行度预测任务。其次，构建多模态微调指令，并分别通过低秩适配微调（LoRA）和冻结微调（Freeze）方法对大语言基座模型（Llama3）进行指令微调。最后，提出了一种改进直接偏好优化（DPO）的算法IDPOP，通过构造偏好数据，并对DPO损失函数施加由参数调节的惩罚项，解决了基于人类反馈的强化学习（RLHF）算法训练不稳定、不收敛，以及标准DPO在社交媒体流行度预测任务中产生错误优化的问题。实验结果表明，MultiSmpLLM显著优于传统多模态预测模型和GPT-4o等多模态大语言模型。

Abstract

To address the limitations of strong feature dependency

insufficient generalization

and inadequate performance in few-shot/cold-start settings in existing multimodal social media popularity prediction algorithms

a MultiSmpLLM model based on large language model with instruction fine-tuning and human alignment was proposed. Firstly

the task of multimodal social media popularity prediction for cold-start users was defined. Secondly

multimodal fine-tuning instructions were constructed

and the large language model (Llama3) was instructionally fine-tuned using the low-rank adaptation (LoRA) and parameter freeze (Freeze) method. Finally

an improved direct preference optimization (DPO) algorithm IDPOP was developed by constructing preference data and adding a parameter-tuned penalty to the DPO loss function

resolving instability and non-convergence in RLHF and incorrect optimization in standard DPO for social media popularity prediction. Experiments show MultiSmpLLM outperforms conventional multimodal prediction models and multimodal large language models such as GPT-4o.

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references

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