Dynamic-weighted joint beamforming design for communication and sensing in fluid antenna-assisted ISAC system

LI Fei; ZHANG Jie; LI Ting; SONG Yunchao

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2025098

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Dynamic-weighted joint beamforming design for communication and sensing in fluid antenna-assisted ISAC system

Papers | 更新时间：2025-07-04

- Dynamic-weighted joint beamforming design for communication and sensing in fluid antenna-assisted ISAC system
- Journal on Communications Vol. 46, Issue 6, Pages: 101-114(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，江苏南京 210003
  2.南京邮电大学电子与光学工程学院，江苏南京 210023
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62271265;62371249)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2025098
  CLC： TN92
- Received：07 March 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-05-20，
  
  Published：25 June 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李飞,张杰,李汀等.流体天线辅助的ISAC系统通感动态加权联合波束成形设计[J].通信学报,2025,46(06):101-114.

LI Fei,ZHANG Jie,LI Ting,et al.Dynamic-weighted joint beamforming design for communication and sensing in fluid antenna-assisted ISAC system[J].Journal on Communications,2025,46(06):101-114.
李飞,张杰,李汀等.流体天线辅助的ISAC系统通感动态加权联合波束成形设计[J].通信学报,2025,46(06):101-114. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2025098.

LI Fei,ZHANG Jie,LI Ting,et al.Dynamic-weighted joint beamforming design for communication and sensing in fluid antenna-assisted ISAC system[J].Journal on Communications,2025,46(06):101-114. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2025098.

摘要

针对现有流体天线（FA）辅助通感一体化（ISAC）系统难以实现通信与感知动态权衡，且传统优化方法复杂度高的问题，提出一种基于加权联合优化通信与感知性能的FA辅助ISAC波束成形方案。首先，建立通信和速率与感知波束图增益加权和最大化模型，将通信速率最大化问题转换为加权最小均方误差（WMMSE）最小化形式，在发射功率约束下联合优化波束成形矩阵及收发端天线位置。然后，针对非凸的波束成形矩阵和FA位置优化问题，采用交替优化算法分解波束成形与位置优化子问题，结合泰勒展开与最大最小化（MM）算法构造凸松弛并推导闭式解。仿真结果表明，所提方案在通信与速率和波束图增益上明显优于传统ISAC系统，且通过调节权值可实现通信与感知性能的灵活权衡。

Abstract

To address the challenges in achieving dynamic communication-sensing trade-offs and the high complexity of conventional optimization methods in existing fluid antenna (FA)-assisted integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems

a weighted joint optimization scheme for FA-assisted ISAC beamforming was proposed. Firstly

a weighted sum maximization model of communication sum-rate and sensing beam pattern gain was established. The communication rate maximization problem was transformed into a weighted minimum mean square error (WMMSE) minimization formulation

with joint optimization of the beamforming matrix and transceiver antenna positions under transmit power constraints. Then

for the non-convex optimization problem involving beamforming matrices and FA positions

an alternating optimization algorithm was employed to decompose it into beamforming and position optimization subproblems. Convex relaxations were constructed by integrating Taylor expansion and the majorization-minimization (MM) algorithm

and closed-form solutions were derived. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms traditional ISAC systems in both total communication rate and beam pattern gain. Furthermore

flexible trade-offs between communication and sensing performance are achieved by adjusting weight parameters.

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references

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