Discriminative zero-watermarking algorithm based on region XOR and ternary quantization

Deyang WU; Sen HU; Miaomiao WANG; Haibo JIN; Changbo QU; Yong TANG

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022027

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Discriminative zero-watermarking algorithm based on region XOR and ternary quantization

Correspondences | 更新时间：2024-06-05

- Discriminative zero-watermarking algorithm based on region XOR and ternary quantization
- Journal on Communications Vol. 43, Issue 2, Pages: 208-222(2022)
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 燕山大学信息科学与工程学院，河北秦皇岛 066004
  2. 辽宁工程技术大学软件学院，辽宁葫芦岛 125105
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62173171)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022027
  CLC： TP391.41
- Online First：2022-02，
  
  Published：25 February 2022
- 稿件说明：
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Deyang WU, Sen HU, Miaomiao WANG, et al. Discriminative zero-watermarking algorithm based on region XOR and ternary quantization[J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(2): 208-222.
DOI：

Deyang WU, Sen HU, Miaomiao WANG, et al. Discriminative zero-watermarking algorithm based on region XOR and ternary quantization[J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(2): 208-222. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022027.

摘要

针对目前零水印算法对于受攻击图像和虚警图像生成的零水印区分度不足问题，提出了一种基于区域异或和三值量化的高分辨零水印算法。在零水印生成过程中，首先提取图像的空域特征和频域特征，将载体特征和版权水印进行冗余构造，以频域特征作为索引，将冗余水印分成2个区域，分别与空域特征和混沌矩阵异或，并将异或后的2个区域进行合并得到零水印。在版权认证过程中，从攻击后的图像中提取空域和频域特征，以频域特征作为索引，将零水印分成2个区域，分别与空域特征和混沌矩阵异或，提取冗余构造的水印图像，去冗余操作后，量化成只有3个数值的矩阵作为版权认证结果。实验结果表明，所提算法可有效解决图像零水印的虚警问题，同时在多种攻击下具有较高稳健性，特征提取算法可任意更换，具有较高可扩展性。

Abstract

Aiming at the problem that the current zero-watermark algorithm is insufficient in distinguishing the zero-watermark generated by the attacked image and the false-alarm image

a high-resolution zero-watermarking algorithm based on regional XOR and ternary quantization was proposed.In the process of zero watermark generation

the spatial and frequency domain features of the image were first extracted

the carrier feature and copyright watermark were redundantly constructed

and the frequency domain feature was used as an index to divide the redundant watermark into two regions

which were respectively related to the spatial domain features and the copyright watermark.The chaotic matrix was XOR

and the two regions after XOR were combined to obtain zero watermark.In the copyright authentication process

the airspace and frequency domain features were extracted from the attacked image

and the frequency domain feature was used as an index to divide the zero watermark into two regions

which were XOR with the airspace feature and the chaotic matrix respectively

and the redundantly constructed watermark was extracted.The image

after de-redundancy operation

was quantized into a matrix with only three values as the result of copyright authentication.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively solve the false alarm problem of image zero watermark

and at the same time has high robustness under various attacks

the feature extraction algorithm can be arbitrarily replaced

and has high scalability.

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references

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