Content authentication of H.264/AVC video stream based on semi-fragile watermarking

WANG Xiao-jing; YANG Gao-bo; ZHU Ning-bo

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Content authentication of H.264/AVC video stream based on semi-fragile watermarking

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- Content authentication of H.264/AVC video stream based on semi-fragile watermarking
- Vol. 30, Issue 11, Pages: 71-78(2009)
- 作者机构：
  
  湖南大学网络与信息安全湖南省重点实验室
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：
  CLC： TP309.7
- Published：2009
- 稿件说明：
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WANG Xiao-jing, YANG Gao-bo, ZHU Ning-bo. Content authentication of H.264/AVC video stream based on semi-fragile watermarking[J]. 2009, 30(11): 71-78.
DOI：

WANG Xiao-jing, YANG Gao-bo, ZHU Ning-bo. Content authentication of H.264/AVC video stream based on semi-fragile watermarking[J]. 2009, 30(11): 71-78. DOI：

摘要

针对低码率的H.264/AVC视频流

提出了一种基于半脆弱水印的内容级视频认证方案。利用I帧内块组之间能量不变的特点构建基于内容的特征码

并根据DCT系数特点

通过符号编码方式嵌入到幅值较小的DCT系数。为了保持嵌入前后视频流码率的基本恒定

引入了误差准则函数。此外

根据P帧中低频AC系数的正负符号统计特性

将帧号嵌入到AC系数。通过对提取出的水印信息和重构的认证码进行比较可实现篡改检测。仿真实验结果验证了本方案的有效性。

Abstract

For the low bit-rate H.264/AVC video stream

a content authentication scheme was proposed by using semi-fragile watermarking.The energy relationship between two groups of DCT blocks in I frame was utilized to generate content based feature code

which was embedded into low-magnitude DCT coefficients by modifying their signs according to their distribution.An error norm function was introduced to keep the bit-rate relatively stable.Moreover

the frame numbers of P frames were embedded into AC coefficients by utilizing the statistical properties of positive and negative signs.Tamper detection was realized by comparing the extracted watermark and reconstructed authentication code.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

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