基于1DCNN和LSTM融合的超宽带NLoS/LoS识别方法研究

郑恩让; 孟鑫; 姜苏英; 薛晶; 张毅; 李强

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2025102

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基于1DCNN和LSTM融合的超宽带NLoS/LoS识别方法研究

学术通信 | 更新时间：2025-07-04

- 基于1DCNN和LSTM融合的超宽带NLoS/LoS识别方法研究
- Research on ultra wide band NLoS/LoS recognition method based on the fusion of 1DCNN and LSTM
- 通信学报 2025年46卷第6期页码：285-302
- 作者机构：
  
  1.陕西科技大学电气与控制工程学院，陕西西安 710021
  2.贵州大学大数据与信息工程学院，贵州贵阳 550025
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "郑恩让（1962- ），男，陕西宝鸡人，博士，陕西科技大学教授，主要研究方向为工业过程智能控制、机器学习与模式识别等。" ]
  [ "孟鑫（1999- ），男，陕西商洛人，陕西科技大学硕士生，主要研究方向为机器学习、信号处理和卫星拒止环境下的无人机定位方法等。" ]
  [ "姜苏英（1990- ），女，陕西商洛人，博士，陕西科技大学讲师，主要研究方向为车辆导航定位技术、V2X无线信道建模与信道参数估计、车联网连通性建模等。" ]
  [ "薛晶（2001- ），女，河南三门峡人，陕西科技大学硕士生，主要研究方向为室内定位算法、信号处理。" ]
  [ "张毅（2001- ），男，陕西西安人，陕西科技大学硕士生，主要研究方向为工业过程智能控制。" ]
  [ "李强（2000- ），男，陕西汉中人，陕西科技大学硕士生，主要研究方向为机器学习。" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  陕西省自然科学基础研究计划基金资助项目(2024JC-YBQN-0400)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2025102
  中图分类号： TN98
- 收稿日期：2025-02-14，
  
  修回日期：2025-05-23，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-06-25
- 稿件说明：
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郑恩让,孟鑫,姜苏英等.基于1DCNN和LSTM融合的超宽带NLoS/LoS识别方法研究[J].通信学报,2025,46(06):285-302.

ZHENG Enrang,MENG Xin,JIANG Suying,et al.Research on ultra wide band NLoS/LoS recognition method based on the fusion of 1DCNN and LSTM[J].Journal on Communications,2025,46(06):285-302.
郑恩让,孟鑫,姜苏英等.基于1DCNN和LSTM融合的超宽带NLoS/LoS识别方法研究[J].通信学报,2025,46(06):285-302. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2025102.

ZHENG Enrang,MENG Xin,JIANG Suying,et al.Research on ultra wide band NLoS/LoS recognition method based on the fusion of 1DCNN and LSTM[J].Journal on Communications,2025,46(06):285-302. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2025102.

摘要

为提升超宽带（UWB）定位系统在非视距（NLoS）条件下的测距精度与定位性能，提出一种基于一维卷积-卷积长短期记忆（LSTM）注意力网络（1DCNN-CLANet）的深度学习模型。该模型首先利用卷积神经网络（CNN）提取通道脉冲响应（CIR）的空间特征，并利用长短期记忆网络捕捉CIR的时序特征。其次，利用CNN深度挖掘距离数据、信号振幅、最大噪声强度等额外特征。最后，引入注意力机制并构建CIR分支和额外特征分支的融合模型，实现对UWB信号的非视距/视距识别。实验结果表明，复杂环境下1DCNN-CLANet的二分类和四分类识别准确率分别为99.51%和98.47%，优于其他方案。该模型在UWB定位系统中表现出良好的非视距识别能力，具有较强的应用前景。

Abstract

A deep learning model based on one-dimensional-convolutional neural network-convolutional long short-term memory (LSTM) attention network (1DCNN-CLANet) was proposed to improve the ranging accuracy and positioning performance of ultra wide band (UWB) localization systems under non-line-of-sight (NLoS) conditions. Convolutional neural network (CNN) was first employed to extract spatial features from channel impulse response (CIR) data

and LSTM network was used to capture their temporal characteristics. Then

CNN was further applied to extract additional features such as distance data

signal amplitude

and maximum noise strength. Finally

An attention mechanism was then incorporated to fuse the CIR and additional feature branches for accurate NLoS/LoS classification. Experimental results show that 1DCNN-CLANet achieves classification accuracies of 99.51% for binary classification and 98.47% for four-class classification in complex environments

outperforming other approaches. The model demonstrates strong potential for robust NLoS identification in practical UWB localization systems.

关键词

Keywords

references

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