基于BB84态的量子匿名一票否决协议

石润华; 于辉; 柯唯阳; 徐小桐

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022157

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基于BB84态的量子匿名一票否决协议

学术论文 | 更新时间：2024-06-05

- 基于BB84态的量子匿名一票否决协议
- Quantum anonymous one-vote veto protocol based on BB84 states
- 通信学报 2022年43卷第8期页码：109-120
- 作者机构：
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "石润华（1974- ），男，安徽安庆人，博士，华北电力大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为经典量子密码算法、协议及其应用" ]
  [ "于辉（1998- ），女，满族，河北唐山人，华北电力大学硕士生，主要研究方向为量子投票协议" ]
  [ "柯唯阳（1996- ），男，陕西宝鸡人，华北电力大学硕士生，主要研究方向为测量设备无关的密码学、量子投票协议" ]
  [ "徐小桐（1997- ），女，河北武安人，华北电力大学硕士生，主要研究方向为量子投票协议" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目;The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61772001)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022157
  中图分类号： TN918.1
- 网络出版日期：2022-08，
  
  纸质出版日期：2022-08-25
- 稿件说明：
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石润华, 于辉, 柯唯阳, 等. 基于BB84态的量子匿名一票否决协议[J]. 通信学报, 2022,43(8):109-120.

Runhua SHI, Hui YU, Weiyang KE, et al. Quantum anonymous one-vote veto protocol based on BB84 states[J]. Journal on communications, 2022, 43(8): 109-120.
石润华, 于辉, 柯唯阳, 等. 基于BB84态的量子匿名一票否决协议[J]. 通信学报, 2022,43(8):109-120. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022157.

Runhua SHI, Hui YU, Weiyang KE, et al. Quantum anonymous one-vote veto protocol based on BB84 states[J]. Journal on communications, 2022, 43(8): 109-120. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022157.

摘要

为了构造无条件安全的一票否决协议，首先定义了一个安全多方计算原子协议，即安全多方析取。借助量子云，提出了量子安全多方析取协议，使用BB84态作为量子资源，且只需单光子操作和测量。针对现有绝大多数量子投票协议需对高维空间粒子执行复杂的操作和测量从而导致可实现性较差的缺陷，利用所提出的量子安全多方析取协议来解决一票否决投票问题，提出了基于量子云的量子匿名一票否决协议。进一步，对协议去中心化处理，提出了一种不需要第三方协助的量子匿名一票否决协议。相较于目前类似协议，所提协议所需量子资源少且操作简单，具有较好的可实现性。在半诚实模型下，对所提协议进行了安全性证明，利用量子完备加密和经典一次一密进行秘密信息编码，保证了协议的无条件安全，既满足了一票否决场景下的投票需求，又保护了投票者的绝对隐私。最后，使用IBM Qiskit进行了仿真实验，实验结果验证了所提协议的正确性和可行性。

Abstract

In order to construct unconditionally secure one-vote veto protocol

a primitive protocol of secure multiparty computations was defined

i.e.

secure multiparty disjunction.Furthermore

by introducing a quantum cloud

a quantum secure multiparty disjunction (QSMD) protocol was proposed.BB84 states were took as quantum resources and only single-photon operations and measurements were needed.To avoid the flaws of infeasibility

i.e.

most of existing quantum voting protocols need to perform operations and measurements in high-dimensional Hilbert space

a quantum anonymous one-vote veto protocol with a quantum cloud (QAOVC) was designed by using the QSMD protocol.In addition

to decentralize

a quantum anonymous one-vote veto (QAOV) protocol without any third party was presented.Compared with related protocols

the proposed protocols require less quantum resources and simpler operations

so they have better feasibility.Under the semi-honest model

quantum perfect encryption and classical one-time pad can ensure the unconditional security of the proposed protocols

i.e.

it can completely meet secure requirements of one-vote veto and perfectly protect the privacy of the voters.Finally

simulation experiments are implemented on IBM Qiskit

and the experimental results show that the protocols are correct and feasible.

关键词

Keywords

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